Clinical Trial: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Treatment of Patients With Fanconi Anemia Lacking a Genotypically Identical Donor, Using Total Body Irradiation, Cyclophosphamide and Fludarabine
Study Status: Completed
Recruit Status: Completed
Study Type: Interventional
Official Title: A Pilot Trial of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for the Treatment of Patients With Fanconi Anemia Lacking a Genotypically Identical Donor, Using Total Body Irradi
Brief Summary: The purpose of this research study is to: (1) determine if the combination of low dose total body irradiation, low dose cyclophosphamide and the addition of fludarabine, and a serum to suppress the immune system can allow selected stem cells to take and grow; (2) determine if selected stem cells from the blood or marrow can take and not cause graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), and; (3) evaluate the side effects of the combination of low dose radiation and chemotherapy drugs used for these transplants.
Detailed Summary:
Patients with this disease are born with it and have a fragility of the genes (chromosomes) in all the cells of the body. The fragility of the chromosomes puts patients with FA at high risk for certain cancers. Patients with FA are especially at risk of having diseases of the blood and marrow systems. These include (1) aplastic anemia, a disease where there is a failure of the bone marrow to make blood cells and (2) myelodysplastic syndrome which is represented by a clone of cells of the marrow that becomes "malignant" and stops making adequate numbers of blood cells (it is also called preleukemia.) The progression of the myelodysplastic syndrome will lead to (3) acute leukemia.
If you have Fanconi anemia and suffer from aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or leukemia standard treatment with medications or chemotherapy alone is not likely to cure these problems.
An allogeneic blood or bone marrow (hematopoietic stem cell) transplant can be done to provide you with marrow or blood stem cells from a healthy donor that can develop a normal blood forming system. An allogeneic stem cell transplant can cure the problems of the marrow and blood system. It cannot cure the chromosome fragility of the whole body. When allogeneic stem cell transplants have been done for the treatment of FA using stem cells from donors other than matched siblings, they have been associated with a high risk of rejection of the transplant and of a complication called graft-versus-host disease.
In order for the stem cells to grow and to kill leukemia cells, patients must receive chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This preparation is called cytoreduction. For patients with Fanconi anemia, the standard preparation for stem cell transplantation has been the use of total body irradiation (at
Sponsor: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Current Primary Outcome: Incidence & Quality of Engraftment & Hematopoietic Reconstitution [ Time Frame: 8 years ]
Original Primary Outcome: Incidence & quality of engraftment & hematopoietic reconstitution/Early transplant-related severe morbidity & mortality/Incidence & severity of acute & chronic GvHD/Quality of immune reconstitution following transplantation/Overall survival rate. [ Time Frame: 8 years ]
Current Secondary Outcome:
Original Secondary Outcome:
Information By: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Dates:
Date Received: January 7, 2008
Date Started: June 2001
Date Completion:
Last Updated: June 29, 2016
Last Verified: June 2016
