Clinical Trial: VAlidation of a Lower Cost aneUploidy scrEen

Study Status: Not yet recruiting
Recruit Status: Not yet recruiting
Study Type: Observational

Official Title: The VALUE Study - Women & Infants as the Coordinating Center

Brief Summary: This study will document the detection rate and false positive rate as well as failure rate of a new prenatal screening approach ('Smart NIPT') as described at www.vanadisdx.com and implemented in an academic laboratory with limited molecular testing experience. Testing will be performed on samples from a general risk pregnancy population, with additional high-risk cases added to improve confidence in the detection rate. Additional characteristics of this non-NGS test such as turn-around time, costs (equipment, training, per test), results reporting, fetal sex, fetal fraction, and quality measures will also be examined.

Detailed Summary:

Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island (WIH) will serve as the Study Center and the Laboratory Site. Enrollment Sites will secure local IRB approval, identify, consent and enroll pregnant women, ship plasma samples to WIH and collect outcome information. Eligible patients will be from one of two groups:

  • The 'high risk' (HR) group - 250 women considering diagnostic testing, nearly all following a positive cell free (cf)DNA screening test. At least one case of Down syndrome should be detected for every three women enrolled, in addition to an occasional case of T18 or T13.
  • The 'low risk' (LR) group - 2,400 women having conventional cfDNA screening as their primary screening test (i.e., no serum/ultrasound testing), representing the general pregnancy population. Their group risk of Down syndrome should be about 1:500. This group should have no more than 20% women age 35 and older. (Women whose conventional cfDNA screen is positive would then be eligible for a second enrollment in the 'high risk' group).

Both groups of women will be asked to provide three full 10mL Streck tubes of blood (two tubes minimum), agree to release limited clinical information, provide signed consent (including for FDA personnel to review records) and consent to have Enrollment Site staff review and report needed information from newborn/infant examination records, if requested. Identifiable patient information will be held at Enrollment Sites and not released to the Laboratory or Study Center. Sample and outcome information will be identified only by a unique study code. Individual cfDNA test results will not be returned to the Enrollment Sites, providers, or enrolled women. Enrollment Sites will receive a summary of results once the study ends.

  • Down syndrome detection rate [ Time Frame: Karyotype at chorionic villous sampling (CVS)/amniocentesis within 48 hours of enrollment OR at examination of products of conception if fetal loss up to 30 weeks post enrollment OR at newborn examination 24-48 hours after birth ]
    The cfDNA test detection rate for Down syndrome will utilize both the general population (low risk) enrollment (2,400 pregnancies) as well as the high risk enrollment (250 pregnancies, all confirmed trisomy 21/18/13) and be defined as TP/(TP+FN). All low risk women with a cfDNA test positive for trisomy 21 will have comprehensive diagnostic follow-up as will all high risk women, assuring that all affected pregnancies in these two groups will have karyotype confirmation. The true positive (TP) SmartNIPT cfDNA test results will be positive and agree with the abnormal karyotype finding. The false negative (FN) SmartNIPT cfDNA test results will be negative for the abnormal karyotype finding.
  • Down syndrome false positive rate [ Time Frame: Karyotype at chorionic villous sampling (CVS)/amniocentesis within 48 hours of enrollment OR at examination of products of conception if fetal loss up to 30 weeks post enrollment. OR negative newborn examination 24-48 hours after birth ]
    The false positive rate for Down syndrome will be computed using data from the general population (low risk) enrollment only (2,400 pregnancies) and be defined as FP/(FP+TN) x 100. The false positive (FP) results are from pregnancies with a SmartNIPT cfDNA test result positive for Down syndrome that are determined to be euploid after diagnostic testing or birth follow-up. True negatives (TN) will be defined as those pregnancies with a cfDNA test result negative for Down syndrome.

  • Original Primary Outcome: Same as current

    Current Secondary Outcome:

    • Trisomy 18 detection rate [ Time Frame: Karyotype at chorionic villous sampling (CVS)/amniocentesis within 48 hours of enrollment OR at examination of products of conception if fetal loss up to 30 weeks post enrollment OR at newborn examination 24-48 hours after birth ]
      The cfDNA test detection rates for trisomy 18 will utilize both the general population (low risk) enrollment (2,400 pregnancies) as well as the high risk enrollment (250 pregnancies, all confirmed trisomy 21/18/13) and be defined as TP/(TP+FN). All low risk women with a cfDNA test positive for trisomy 18 will have comprehensive diagnostic follow-up as will all high risk women, assuring that all affected pregnancies in these two groups will have karyotype confirmation. The true positive (TP) SmartNIPT cfDNA test results will be positive and agree with the abnormal karyotype finding. The false negative (FN) SmartNIPT cfDNA test results will be negative for the abnormal karyotype finding.
    • Trisomy 13 detection rate [ Time Frame: Karyotype at chorionic villous sampling (CVS)/amniocentesis within 48 hours of enrollment OR at examination of products of conception if fetal loss up to 30 weeks post enrollment OR at newborn examination 24-48 hours after birth ]
      The cfDNA test detection rates for trisomy 13 will utilize both the general population (low risk) enrollment (2,400 pregnancies) as well as the high risk enrollment (250 pregnancies, all confirmed trisomy 21/18/13) and be defined as TP/(TP+FN). All low risk women with a cfDNA test positive for trisomy 13 will have comprehensive diagnostic follow-up as will all high risk women, assuring that all affected pregnancies in these two groups will have karyotype confirmation. The true positive (TP) SmartNIPT cfDNA test results will be positive and agree with the abnormal karyotype finding. The false negative (FN) SmartNIPT cfDNA test results will be negative for the abnormal karyotype finding.
    • Trisomy 18 false positive rate [ Time Frame: Karyotype at chorionic villous sampling (CVS)/amniocentesis within 48 hours of enrollment OR at examination of products of conception if fetal loss up to 30 weeks post enrollment. OR negative newborn examination 24-48 hours after birth ]
      The false positive rate for trisomy 18 will be computed using data from the general population (low risk) enrollment only (2,400 pregnancies) and be defined as FP/(FP+TN) x 100. The false positive (FP) results are from pregnancies with a SmartNIPT cfDNA test result positive for trisomy 18 that are determined to be euploid after diagnostic testing or birth follow-up. True negatives (TN) will be defined as those pregnancies with a cfDNA test result negative for trisomy 18.
    • Trisomy 13 false positive rate [ Time Frame: Karyotype at chorionic villous sampling (CVS)/amniocentesis within 48 hours of enrollment OR at examination of products of conception if fetal loss up to 30 weeks post enrollment. OR negative newborn examination 24-48 hours after birth ]
      The false positive rate for trisomy 13 will be computed using data from the general population (low risk) enrollment only (2,400 pregnancies) and be defined as FP/(FP+TN) x 100. The false positive (FP) results are from pregnancies with a SmartNIPT cfDNA test result positive for trisomy 13 that are determined to be euploid after diagnostic testing or birth follow-up. True negatives (TN) will be defined as those pregnancies with a cfDNA test result negative for trisomy 13.
    • Trisomy 18 failure rate [ Time Frame: Documentation of the failed result for Down syndrome will be considered confirmed when no results are returned for the second tested sample, typically within 14 days after enrollment. ]
      The cfDNA test failure rate will be computed using data from the general population (low) enrollment only (2,400 pregnancies) and be defined as TF/Total. The cfDNA initial test will be classified as an initial test failure (iTF), if the first sample tested fails to produce a complete set of interpretable results. All test failures will be followed by testing a second available sample, and if that is also unsuccessful in producing a complete set of interpretable results, it will be characterized as a test failure (TF).
    • Trisomy 13 failure rate [ Time Frame: Documentation of the failed result for Down syndrome will be considered confirmed when no results are returned for the second tested sample, typically within 14 days after enrollment. ]
      The cfDNA test failure rate will be computed using data from the general population (low) enrollment only (2,400 pregnancies) and be defined as TF/Total. The cfDNA initial test will be classified as an initial test failure (iTF), if the first sample tested fails to produce a complete set of interpretable results. All test failures will be followed by testing a second available sample, and if that is also unsuccessful in producing a complete set of interpretable results, it will be characterized as a test failure (TF).
    • Fetal sex detection rate [ Time Frame: Karyotype at chorionic villous sampling (CVS)/amniocentesis within 48 hours of enrollment OR at examination of products of conception if fetal loss up to 30 weeks post enrollment OR at newborn examination 24-48 hours after birth ]
      The cfDNA test detecti

      Original Secondary Outcome: Same as current

      Information By: Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island

      Dates:
      Date Received: March 1, 2017
      Date Started: May 2017
      Date Completion: December 2018
      Last Updated: March 22, 2017
      Last Verified: March 2017